Carbureter.



B. PEDERSEN.

CAHBURETER.'

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 26,1915.

Patented Aug. 28, 1917.

lllllllllllllllll BEBNT PEDERSEN, 0F MOUNT VERNON, NEW YORK.

canmmnrna.

The primary object of the invention is toV provide a carbureter in which the air and fuel are supplied to the mixin chamber in finely divided particles and an intimate mixture of the air and fuel obtained.

Y Another object of the invention is to provide an improved form of throttle valve for controlling the admission of the mixture to the manifold of the engine.V A still further 2o object of theinvention is to provide an improved form of control for the fuel suppl softhat the same may be varied at will. still further object of the invention is to provide improved means for admitting an additional supply of air to the carbureter when the engine demands the same, which may be used in combination with the control of the fuel supply for same, to obtain a proper combustible mixture under all conditions of load and speed of the engine.

With `these and other objects in view, which will 'beobvious to one skilled in the art, the invention consists. of the constructions which will be hereinafter described, 'and particularly pointed outv in the appended claims. In the accompanying drawings I have disclosed a preferred embodimen\t of the invention, in which- Figure 1 shows an elevation of a carbu- 40 reter constructed in accordance with the principles of my invention.

Fig.2 is a central vertical such a carbureter, and l Fig. 3 is a transverse section through vthe carbureter casing at a point just above the throttle. Y A Referring to the drawings, a pipe 1 is shown, which is adapted to be connected to the manifold of the engine.' The carbure- 5c ter comprises la casing,l the structural 'de-- tails of which may be varied, and in the form shown consists of 'an upper section 2, having a liange 3, by which it is united to a flange 4, carried by the pipe 1. The upper section 2 of the casing is substantially of a jbell or dome shaped configuration, land has section through Specication of Letters Patent.

\ the carbureter..

Patented Aug'. 22, 1191"?.

v Application filed ctober 26, 1915. Serial No. 57,912.

l its lower end exteriorly threaded as at 6.v

The intermediate section 7, is substantially cylindrical in shape, and is of a less diameter than the mouth of the bell shaped section 2, the section 7 being provided with` i a laterally projecting annuluslS, which carriesxan up-standing ifange 9 engaging the threaded surface 6, of the section 2. The lower section of the casing comprises a threaded cap 10, which closes the bottom of the section7, and is provided with a plurality of apertures or openings 11,Y which serve as -a means to admit the supply of air to Projecting laterally into the section 7 adjacent its lower end is a pipe or conduit 12,y through which the fuel is supplied to the carbureter from any suitable reservoir (not shown.) The inner end of this pipe is closed as zit/14, and is provided with a conically shaped aperture or opening 15, which forms -a seat for a needle valve 16. The valve 16 is threaded into a bushing 17, one end of which also extends into the sec- 80 tion 7 at a point diametrically opposite the pipe 12. The inner ends of the pipe 12, and the bushing 17, which lie within the section 7 of the casing, are threaded into a sleeve 19. These ends do not abut in the middle of the sleeve, but are spaced suiiciently apart to provide a chamber or well 20, which is lilled by fuel passing through the inlet 15, Positioned directly above this chamber, and preferably threaded into a suitable opening in the sleeve 19 is fuel nozzle 21 which is provided at its upper end with a cone shaped opening controlled by a needle valve as will be hereinafter described. Surrounding the opening in the nozzle 2l is a 95 distributing plate 22, consisting of a circular disk. The distributing plate is preferably provided with a plurality of perforations 23, which are of relatively small diameter, the purpose of which will be clear from the description of the operation of the carbureter.

Located within the section 7 of the outer casing is an inner casing consisting, of two hollow cylindrical sections 24, and 25. The `105 top section 24 is of less diameter than the section 7, which leaves an annular space or chamber 26 between these parts, the upper end of which chamber is closed by an offset extension 27 integralv 'with theksection 7. 1101 The bottom section 25V forms a tube which is only of slightly larger diameter than the distributing plate 22 which it. completely surrounds. This tube extends from a-point substantially on a level with the distributing plate downwardly to the sleeve 19 and has its lower end fitted over an annular flange 29, carried by a boss on the sleeve 19. Longitudinally arranged elongated slots are provided in the section 25, which serve to conduct the supply of air which enters the casing through the apertures 11 to a point below the distributing plate 22. The sections 24 and 25 of the inner casing are joined by an annular shoulder 31, which is also provided with a plurality of openings 32, through which the air may enter the interior of the tubular member 24.

The passage between the two tubular sections 24 and 25 is closed l by a perforated diaphragm or partition which in the 'construction shown is substantially dome shaped, and forms a top for the section 25. This partition may also be regarded as forming the bottom of the mixing chamber which is composed of the section 2 of the outer casing and the section 24 of the inner casing. The section 25 may then be regarded as the conduit which conducts the air to the mixing chamber.

The opening in the fuel nozzle 21, is controlled -by 'a needle valve- 40, which is slidably mounted uponl a pin41 and passes through a suitable opening in the partition 35. The upper end of the pin 41 is supported in a post 41 which passes through the center of disks 42 and 43. These disks constitute the throttle valve, and will be hereinafter described. i

Surrounding the lpin 41, and interpose between the plate 43 and the upper end of the needle valve; is a spring 44, which ex- -erts its tension to press needle valve into the cone shaped opening at the top of the nozzle 21 and to maintain the same closed when the carbureteris not working. The valve is opened against the tension of this .spring by the pressure of the mixture against a disk45 carried by the needle valve 40. This disk is also provided with a plurality of small openings or apertures 46, through which the mixture of air and fuel passes.

As before described, the throttle valve consists' of two circular plates or disks 42 and 43, one of which, as for example, disk 42, is stationarily mounted in the section 2 upon the post 41 and is held against the disk 43 by the adjustable spring 42 which surrounds the post 41'..l The. disk 43` is adapted to rotate on this post. The disks 42 and 43 are of a similar construction and each is provided with a plurality of segmental shaped openings 48. As shown in Fig. 3, these segmental openings in each of the plates are of substantially the same size and are so formed that if each plate is regarded as being divided into sectors, alternate sectors will be provided with the segmental shaped openings, while the intermediate sectors will be solid and adapted to close the openings in the other plate when l adapted to be connected at its other end to A.

any suitable system of links or gearing, (not shown) which, when the carbureter is used with an automobile, would have a manually operable part positioned either on the dashboard or the steering post, so that the position of the throttle valve may be varied at will. v

Resting upon the annulus 8 is a rotary ring 53, which is held in position by a washer 54, threaded upon the outer face of the extension 27. The annulus 8, and this ring '53 are each provided with a plurality of openings 55, which are adapted to be brought into and out of alinement upon a slight angular movement of the ring 53. These apertures provide means for supplying an additional amount of air to the carbureter, nand will be referred to in the description of the operation. Secured to the ring 53 is a bolt 56which passes through a suitable slot in the annulus 8. Secured to the lower end of this bolt is a member 57 having two arms 58, which extend on each side of the arm 50 as is shown in Figs. 1 and 3. The arms 58 areI spaced a sufficient distance apart so that the arm 50 which actuates the throttle valve is moved to a position in which. the throttle valve is in substantially half open position before the openings 55 commence to come into alinement.

Theneedle valve 16 is also adapted to be adjusted at will to regulate the supply of fuel. This is accomplished by means of an arm 59, attached to the end of the needle valve, which is connected 4to a rod 60, forming a part of a system of linkage, not shown, which similarl` to the rod 53 is controlled I from the steering post or dash-board of the automobile. The system of linkage should be designed to impart an angular movement to the arm 59, which will, in turn, rotate the needle valve in its threaded bushing to advance or retract it, and thereby vary the area of the inlet opening 15.

The operation of the carbureter will now be described. Assuming that the engine to which the carbureter is attached is at rest, the needle valve 40, will, due to the tension of the spring 44, be held against the opening in the fuel nozzle 21, to maintain vthe same closed.l In order t'o prevent leakage, the arm 59 should also be moved to a posi- Laaaees tion in which the needle valve 16 will engage its seat, and close the inlet opening 15. When it is desirable to start the4 engine, the throttle valve is partially opened asis the usual practice, which is accomplished by moving arm 50 to an intermediate position. It may be here stated that this initial movement to the throttle valve is not sufficient to cause the arm'50 to engage one of the bifurcated arms 58'to cause the auxiliary air inlets 55 to be opened. The inlet valve 16 is also adjusted to a position in which fuel is permitted to enter the carbureter through the inlet opening 15, which fuel enters the `well or chamber 20, and passes up through the fuel nozzle 21, where it will spread out over the distributing plate 22 in a thin film when the valve 40 is opened. No float cham-I ber is necessary ifa gravity feed is produced by placing the tank or reservoir containing the fuel connected to the conduit 12, above the level of the top of the nozzle. If this is not possible, some means should be employed to create a pressure sufficient to raise'the fuel to a point above the top of the fuel nozzle. The amount which it is necessary to open the needle valve 16 may be determined by experience in the first instance, and thereafter, a gage or index of some char-- acter be employedwhich will permit the operator to always move the valve to the proper position. The engine is then cranked which will create a suction within the carbureter, causing the` air to enter the same through the openings 11 in the cap 10. rIhe air thus admitted to the section 7 of the carbureter then passes through the elongated openings 30 in the section 24 of the inner casing. Since these openings are below the distributing plate 22, the air will then pass up and around the peripheral edge of this plate, and through the perforations 23I therein. The air then passes through the perforated partition 354 into the section 24 of the inner casing, .and thence. upwardly through the mixing chamber. The pressure of the air against the baffle plate or disk 45, is sufiicient to lift the needle valve 40 against the tension of the spring 44:, so that the fuel will spread out over the distributing plate 22 in a thin film. The suction in the carbureter is continued, and more air will then enter through the openings 11 and 30, as before described, and then pass upwardly,

around, and through the perforations in the distributing plate 22. The film of gasolene which is now spread out over the top of the distributing plate will be absorbed by the air in its passage, and this incomplete mix-` ture of air and fuel will be forced through the perforations in the partition 35 which forms the bottom of the mixing chamber. The result is a breaking u of air and fuel into minute particles, which will cause a more rapid and thorough absorption of the I `have found that the mixture of the air and fuel in the manner described takes placef more thoroughly and rapidly, if the mixture of fuel and air is forced through the perfo-y rated partition 35 under considerable pressure, and 1 have also found that the air more readily takes up the fuel or oil if it is carried past the distributing plate under considerable pressure. It is for this reason that I have made the tubular section 25, of only slightly greater diameter than the distributing plate, and have made the partition 35, which forms the bottom of the mixing chaml ber,- of considerable less area than the crosssectional area through the body of the mix ing chamber. |This construction -is also advantageous for the reason that if after the mixture of air and fuel has passed through the perforated bottom 35 of the mixing chamber it is permitted to expand, it will cause a more complete absorption of the fuel by the air. In the description of the device, I have described one specific construction for obtaining these advantages, but it is intended that any construction in which the air and fuel are led into the mixing chamber, through a` perforated bottom of constricted area, shall come within the scope of this invention, as set forth in the appended claims.

stances the throttle valve is m'oved to .its

full open position which will cause the openings 55 controllingthe auxiliary air supply to come into alinement, permitting an 1ncreased amount of air to enter the mixing chamber of the carbu'reter. In order to obtain the proper combustible mixture it is then necessary to provide a greater amount of fuel, for otherwise the mixturey would be lean, which is objectionable. The increased amount of fuel necessary is supplied by opening the ,needle valve 16, which may be controlled at will by the operator. rllhe amount of opening of the needle valve, which will give the necessary increased supply of fuel without flooding the carbureter, may be determined by experience or by the use of a proper index. To prevent any con- After the. engine has started, various con-l densation of the fuel adjacent'the shoulder 31 which joins the sections 24- and 25 of the inner casing together, which might oth.-y erwise occur since a pocket is formed at that point, thel openings 32 are provided through whichsome of the air within the section 7. may pass. For other conditions of load and speed the needle valve 16 and the throttle valve and auxiliary air openings 55,v may be regulatedso that in each instance a proper combustible mixture is'obtained.

I claim:

1. In a carbureter, an-intake pipe, a globular casing narrow at one end and wide at the other end adapted to have its narrow end secured to said intake pipe, a throttle valve in the lower wide end of the casing comprising two circular plates having openings therein adapted to be brought into and out of alinement upon relative movement of said plates, a cylindrical casing secured to the wide end of said globular shapedl easing, saidcylindrical casing being of less diameter providing an annular shoulder between said casings, said annular shoulderhaving air vopenings therein, an annular plate hav- ,ing air openings therein coperating with said air openings in said annular shoulder, an inner casing -within said cylindrical casing, a fuel nozzle mounted in said casing, a fuel' conduit extending through said' cylindrical and inner casings in open communication with said fuel nozzle, a valvemounted upon said cylindrical casing for controlling the supply of fuel from said conduit to said nozzle, said nozzle having a' distributing plate on a level with and surrounding the openingin said nozzle, said nozzle opening being unrestricted during the normal operation of the carbureter to permit the fuel to flow from said nozzle over said distributing plate, said distributing plate being onlylof i slightly less diameter than the said inner casing, a suction operated valve for controlling said fuel nozzleopening, and said cy- I insignes ingstherein.y

' 2. In a carbureter, an intake pipe, a globular casing narrow at-one end and .wide at the other end adapted to have its narrow end securedto saidi-ntake pipe, a throttle valve in the jlower wide end of the casing comprising two circularplates having openings 'lindrical and inner lcasings having air opentherein adapted toibe brought into and out v of alinement uponrelative movement of said plates, a cylindrical casing secured to the .wide endof said globular shaped casing,

said cylindricalcasing being of less diameter providing an annular shoulder between said casings, said? annular shoulder having air openings therein, an annular plate having air openings therein coperating with said air openings in saidy annular shoulder, v

a common means fo r movi ng said annular plate and one of saidcircular plates, an linner casing within said cylindrical casing, a fuel nozzle mounted in said casing la fuel conduit extending through said cy indrical and inner casings in open communication with said fuel nozzle, a valve mounted upon said cylindrical casing for controlling the supply of fuel from said conduit to lsaid nozzle, -1 said nozzle having a distributing -plate on a nozzle opening, and said .cylindrical and in-y ner casings having air vopenings therein:

In witnesswhereof, I subscribe my signature, in the presence Iof two witnesses..

l u BERNT PEDERSEN. u

. Witnessesz a p l WA'LDo M. CHAPIN, MARY G. HART. 

